Chapter7 Additional Notes.
7.1 Commands in Terminal
† Command = #; control = ^; option = Opt, Space bar = Spc.
To clear the terminal completely:
- Opt + # + K: (clear the scroll back, Yosemite /older)
- # + K: for newer keyboards
clear command: ‘clears’ the current screen, but it does this just by printing lots of newlines - the cleared contents just get scrolled up.
- “#” + L: delete the last output only
- “#” + K: clear terminal completely
To clear entered text:
1. # + A: Jump to left
1. ^ + K: clear the right side of cursor (caret)
Mac Terminal commands:
* pwd (present working directory)
* cd (change directory)
* ls (list the files in a directory)
Sub-commands:
* ls -a (listing with all the files including hidden files)
* ls -l (listing in a long form, shows permission too)
* chmod (to change permission to users, see video)
* man chmod (is the manual for chmod, uses pager, spacebar = next page, v?p? = goes back to the first page, q = exit)
* brew install tldr (a extended manual with examples)
Ex. tldr chmod
To turn on/off sound at start up.
sudo nvram StartupMute=%00
sudo nvram StartupMute=%01 (00=False, or mute = false, turns off the mute, Sound is On)
(01=True, or mute = true, turns on the mute, Sound is Off)
7.2 Setting a New MacBook Preferences.
† Line: start= # + <–; end= # + –>
† Word: start= opt + <–; end= opt + –>
7.2.1 System preferences:
Keyboards:
Preferences > Input sources > Japanese.
Japanese preferences: √romaji, and delete ABC.
Preferences > Input sources > Chinese Traditional > Handwriting - Traditional. Emoji/character key shortcut: Opt + # + Spc.
3 finger drag:
BigSur
System preferences> Accessibility> Pointer Control> Mouse & Trackpad> ..[].. Trackpad Options > √ “Enable Dragging”: Three finger drag.
Touch bar zoom.
System preferences> Accessibility> Zoom> Enable Touch bar zoom.
Setup Voice Control In macOS Big Sur:
System preferences> Accessibility> Voice control> √ Enable voice control
Add languages by selecting from dropdown menu.
See video on how to use.
BUT.. For dictation on word or other programs go:
System preferences> keyboard> dictation> dictation> dictation: ON, Select shortcut: Fn twice
How do I get a backslash when in Japanese input mode in MacOS?{target= “_blank”}.
7.3 Install Homebrew
brew install wget
brew update (updates homebrew)
brew outdated (show all outdated packs)
brew upgrade (upgrade apps and casks)
brew cleanup (remove all updated packs)
brew doctor (Check if brew installed correctly)
brew install mas (Install-update apps from app store)
brew upgrade mas
brew install bash-completions (auto completion)
brew bundle (Gathers info for a brew-file)
brew bundle dump –describe (makes brew-file)
cat Brewfile (To see whats in the file, all apps with a small description)
ls Brewfile (To save the Brewfile).
ls -l Brewfile (Ls with long listing of Brewfile)
To update the system. Catalina -> Big Sur, etc.
sudo softwareupdate -ia(-i: gives information on everything installed)
(-a: mean whatever needs to be update, update)
(–verbose: as running tell me what’s been done)
I can then concatenate other commands like:
sudo softwareupdate -ia -verbose; brew bundle -v; brew cleanup; brew doctor -verbose (brew bundle -v: will install everything in the brewfile)
(brew cleanup: will delete all unused libraries)
(brew doctor -verbose: to check if there are other issues in the system and tell me.)
Homebrew tutorial.
† apps = packages = packs
xcode-select --install | Command | |
|---|---|
| brew search | (list of all packages in brew) |
brew search | wc -l |
(packages, [word count]- as a list, resutl= # of packages) |
| brew search tree | (search for packs installed) |
| brew help | (for help or to check install) |
| brew install tree | (to install packs) |
| which tree | (shows path of the packs ) |
| output: /usr/local/bin/tree. | (This is not the folder, this is just a symbolic link). |
| ls -la /usr/local/bin/tree | (shows real location) |
Output:
lrwxr-xr-x 1 marcelorosales admin 29 Dec 29 20:36/usr/local/bin/tree -> ../Cellar/tree/1.8.0/bin/tree (real location)
brew info tree (more info on the pack)
brew uninstall tree
grep –version (already installed, native in OS)
If there is already a native package on the operating system, for instance macOS grep. Then the new package installed will have a “g” prefix.
brew install grep (install a GNU version)
ggrep –version (version of the GNU ver of pack)
brew cask install firefox (install appstore app)
To open the webpages of the application directly brew home rstudio
brew home r
brew home pycharm
List of all packages installed using Homebrew
brew list
brew list –cask
List of all your installed Homebrew packages.
How to check what’s been installed on your mac.
And there’s always:
apt-cache policy